Tattoo Acceptance in Academia: Perspectives from Asia Pacific University
Abstract
This research explores changing views on tattoos at the Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation (APU), focusing on tattoos as body art and expressions of identity. Located in Malaysia's diverse environment, APU offers a unique context for studying tattoo perceptions among students and academics. Using qualitative ethnographic methods and semi-structured interviews, insights were gathered from various participants, revealing generational and professional differences. The findings indicate a notable generational shift, with younger individuals advocating for greater acceptance of tattoos as personal and creative expressions. While older academics often view tattoos as unprofessional, there's a growing acceptance among all age groups within APU's inclusive atmosphere. The study concludes that tattoos are increasingly recognized as art and identity markers in academia, highlighting the need for policies that honour body art as part of cultural expression. This research ultimately reflects the evolving nature of academic standards and emphasizes the importance of diversity in visual identity within higher education. This study recommends the formulation of academic policies that can serve as a reference for assessing personal objectivity toward tattoos, which are understood as a form of visual expression within the academic domain.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Atkinson, M. (2003). Tattooed: The sociogenesis of a body art. University of Toronto Press.
https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442680364
Atkinson, M. (2004). Tattooing and civilizing processes: Body modification as self-control. The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 41(2), 125-146. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-618X.2004.tb00725.x
Bell, S. (1999). Tattooed: A participant observer's exploration of meaning. Journal of American Culture, 22(2), 53-58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734X.1999.2202_53.x
Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open, 2, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001
Blumer, H. (1969). Symbolic interactionism: Perspective and method. University of California Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (pp. 241-258). Greenwood.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
DeMello, M. (2000). Bodies of inscription: A cultural history of the modern tattoo community. Duke University Press.
https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1168d0t
Doss, E. (2010). Memorial mania: Public feeling in America. University of Chicago Press.
https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226159393.001.0001
Ferguson-Rayport, S. M., Griffith, R. M., & Straus, E. W. (1955). Tattooing among adolescents: A clinical study. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 25(4), 613-626. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.1955.tb04989.x
Fox, K. (2013). Watching the English: The hidden rules of English behaviour (2nd ed.). Hodder & Stoughton.
Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. Prentice-Hall.
Irwin, K. (2001). Legitimating the first tattoo: Moral passage through informal interaction. Symbolic Interaction, 24(1), 49-73. https://doi.org/10.1525/si.2001.24.1.49
Kosut, M. (2006). Tattoo narratives: The intersection of the body, self-identity and society. Visual Sociology, 21(1), 79-100. https://doi.org/10.1080/14725860600613272
Maffesoli, M. (1996). The time of the tribes: The decline of individualism in mass society. Sage.
https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446222133
Mifflin, M. (1997). Bodies of subversion: A secret history of women and tattoo. Juno Books.
Othman, Z., Nor, N. M., & Sulaiman, S. (2020). Cultural taboos and perception of tattooing in Malay-Muslim society. Journal of Islamic Culture and Society, 5(2), 88-98.
Pitts-Taylor, V. (2003). In the flesh: The cultural politics of body modification. Palgrave Macmillan.
https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403979438
Rooke, A., & Clark, J. (2008). DIY academic identity: Tattooed academics and the resistance of the body. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 11(2), 145-161. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877908089266
Sanders, C. R. (2008). Customizing the body: The art and culture of tattooing (Rev. ed.). Temple University Press.
Swami, V., & Furnham, A. (2007). Unattractive, promiscuous and heavy drinkers: Perceptions of women with tattoos. Body Image, 4(4), 343-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2007.06.005
Sweetman, P. (1999). Anchoring the (postmodern) self? Body modification, fashion, and identity. Body & Society, 5(2-3), 51-76. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357034X99005002004
Stirn, A., Hinz, A., & Brähler, E. (2006). Prevalence of tattooing and body piercing in Germany and perception of health-related consequences. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60(5), 531-534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.09.002
Thomas, J. (1993). Doing critical ethnography. Qualitative Research Methods Series (Vol. 26). Sage Publications.
https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412983945
Velliquette, A. M., Murray, J. B., & Creyer, E. H. (1998). The tattoo renaissance: An ethnographic account of symbolic consumer behavior. Advances in Consumer Research, 25, 461-467.
Wohlrab, S., Fink, B., Kappeler, P. M., & Brewer, G. (2009). Modifying the body: Motivations for getting tattooed and pierced. Body Image, 6(2), 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.12.001
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.





